Definition and Examples of Word Aversion (or Logomisia)

In language studies, logomisia is an informal term for a strong dislike for a particular word (or type of word) based on its sound, meaning, usage, or associations. Also known as word aversion or  verbal virus. In a post on Language Log, linguistics professor Mark Liberman defines the concept of word aversion as a feeling of intense, irrational distaste for the sound or sight of a particular word or phrase, not because its use is regarded as etymologically or logically or grammatically wrong, nor because it’s felt to be over-used or redundant or trendy or non-standard, but simply because the word itself somehow feels unpleasant or even disgusting.   Moist   A Web site called Visual Thesaurus asked its readers to rate how much they like or dislike certain words. And the second-most-hated word was moist. (A friend once said that she dislikes cake mixes that are advertised as being extra-moist because that basically means super-dank.) Oh, and the most-hated word of all was hate. So a lot of people hate hate.(Bart King, The Big Book of Gross Stuff. Gibbs Smith, 2010) My mother. She hates balloons and the word moist. She considers it pornographic.(Ellen Muth as George Lass in Dead Like Me, 2002) Drool My own word aversion is longstanding, and several decades from the first time I heard it I still pull back, like the flanges of a freshly opened oyster. It is the verb to drool, when applied to written prose, and especially to anything I myself have written. Very nice people have told me, for a long time now, that some things they have read of mine, in books or magazines, have made them drool. . . .I . . . should be grateful, and even humble, that I have reminded people of what fun it is, vicariously or not, to eat/live. Instead I am revolted. I see a slavering slobbering maw. It dribbles helplessly, in a Pavlovian response. It drools.(M.F.K. Fisher, As the Lingo Languishes. The State of the Language, ed. by Leonard Michaels and Christopher B. Ricks. University of California Press, 1979) Panties Adriana recovered first. Panties is a vile word, she said. She frowned and emptied the caipirinha pitcher into her glass. . . .Im just pointing out its relative grossness. All women hate the word. Panties. Just say it—panties. It makes my skin crawl.(Lauren Weisberger, Chasing Harry Winston. Downtown Press, 2008)He used the eraser end of a pencil to pick up a pair of womens underwear (technically, they were panties—stringy, lacy, red—but I know women get creeped out by that word—just Google hate the word panties).(Gillian Flynn, Gone Girl. Crown, 2012) Cheese There are people who dislike the sound of certain words—they would enjoy eating cheese if it had a different name, but so long as it is called cheese, they will have none of it.(Samuel Engle Burr, An Introduction to College. Burgess, 1949) Suck Suck was a queer word. The fellow called Simon Moonan that name because Simon Moonan used to tie the prefects false sleeves behind his back and the prefect used to let on to be angry. But the sound was ugly. Once he had washed his hands in the lavatory of the Wicklow Hotel and his father pulled the stopper up by the chain after and the dirty water went down through the hole in the basin. And when it had all gone down slowly the hole in the basin had made a sound like that: suck. Only louder.(James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, 1916) The Disgust Response Jason Riggle, a professor in the department of linguistics at the University of Chicago, says word aversions are similar to phobias. If there is a single central hallmark to this, it’s probably that it’s a more visceral response, he says. The [words] evoke nausea and disgust rather than, say, annoyance or moral outrage. And the disgust response is triggered because the word evokes a highly specific and somewhat unusual association with imagery or a scenario that people would typically find disgusting—but don’t typically associate with the word. These aversions, Riggle adds, don’t seem to be elicited solely by specific letter combinations or word characteristics. If we collected enough of [these words], it might be the case that the words that fall in this category have some properties in common, he says. But it’s not the case that words with those properties in common always fall in the category.(Matthew J.X. Malady, Why Do We Hate Certain Wo rds? Slate, April 1, 2013) The Lighter Side of Logomisia Our theme this time was an Ugliest Word Contest: everyone had to show up with a sign around their neck on which would be written the ugliest word they could think of. All the linguists present would later judge the best entry. . . .On the sofa were PUS and EXPECTORATE. On the floor, sitting cross-legged in a half circle in front of the stone fireplace, and all balancing paper plates heaped high with nachos, hummous, and guacamole, I spotted RECTUM, PALPITATE, and PLACENTA (as one of the linguists, I knew that placenta would be eliminated quickly from the running: while it brought to mind an ugly image, its phonetic realization was actually rather lovely). In a fantastic coincidence, SMEGMA . . . was cuddling up to SCROTUM against the pantry doors in the kitchen. . . .As I walked around, I realized that a lot of these words would make great band names: e.g., FECAL MATTER (phrase: disqualify), LIPOSUCTION, EXOSKELETON.(Jala Pfaff, Seducing the Rabbi. Blue Flax Press, 2006) Pronunciation: low-go-ME-zha

Rap Music Free Essays

Daniel Cha English T/TR 7am 27 Febuarany 2013 Essay 1 Rap’s Opposing views When it comes to defining rap music, some define it as poetry in the form of music. Even though rap music is thought of as a form of art, it is highly debated as a controversial social issue. Author   Sid Kirchheimer from † Does rap put teens at risk† makes a claim that rap music is a detriment to our youth. We will write a custom essay sample on Rap Music or any similar topic only for you Order Now He believes that negative behaviors is the outcome of people watching and listening to rap music. Author Curtis Aron from â€Å"Rap Music: Is It As Bad As Some People Think? Thinks otherwise and claims that rap music is looked at as a whole and is greatly misunderstood. Aron explains that the genre of rap music is blanketed by its popular view of being a negative influence and is being greatly misunderstood. Using the Toulmin model of argument, both arguments offer very good reasons why their arguments provide persuasive evidence about the different perspectives of rap music. Kirchheimer’s warrant is, that initially rap music automatically leaves a bad tastes in peoples mouth. Kirchheimer’s view on rap is that because teens watch so much television they are exposed to what he calls â€Å"reel life of a gangsta. By watching these rap videos, they are more likely to practice the behaviors they see off their favorite rap artists or rap music video. He claims that becaus e of long hours of exposure to rap music teenagers are starting to behave like what they see on television. His grounds offer truths because his claim of watching rap videos is backed with statistically data. He says, â€Å"Researchers found that compared to those who never or rarely watched these videos, the girls who viewed these gangsta videos for at least 14 hours per week were far more likely to practice numerous destructive behaviors. Over the course of the one-year study, they were three times more likely to hit a teacher, over 2. 5 times more likely to get arrested, twice as likely to have multiple sexual partners and 1. 5 times more likely to get a sexually transmitted disease, use  drugs, or drink alcohol. â€Å"Rap initially does leave a bad taste in people mouths, the quote provides statistical evidence that supports why people should and would despise it. Aron, with his own warrant states, that genre of rap music is blanketed by its popular view of being a negative influence. Aron says that â€Å"Rap music has long had a reputation of being a form of music that represents violence, sexual exploitation and excess. The genre has been criticized in the media, associated with some of the nation’s social ill and seen by a good number of people as bad on citizens in general. † He first goes against his own viewpoints to prove that he understands the issue. He provides a counterargument to prove he is a reliable source about how rap can be seen as a social ill. Aron’s use of the Toulmin argument continues as he offers his rebuttal and backing by saying, not all rap music is bad music. Aron states, â€Å"There is some rap music that is created with the intention of sending a positive message to its audience. There are songs that denounce violence and call for more peace and togetherness in the inner city in an attempt to improve the quality of life. † Some truth that the author stresses is how there is positive rap and it can serve as a purpose of improving social consciousness. An example rap group he uses to provide evidence to his backing is a group named â€Å"The East Coast AllStars. † He supports this group because it adds qualification that not all rap music is bad music. But most importantly because the group understands that music is highly influential, so they really push and write songs that gives positive influence to these communities that are being run by violence, sex, and drug exploitations. Kirchheimer also reveals that he understands both sides of the subject by stating a counterargument of his own. He says that, â€Å"Parents need to know what their children are being exposed to. Certainly, rap is not the only music that portrays negative stereotypes or can negatively impact behaviors, and not all rap music should be implicated. But there have been nearly 1,000 studies that have looked at the effects. † Kirchheimer shows a weak side by admitting that not all rap music should be implicated. He is rationale and does admit that all rap music is not the case. How he collects himself is by telling readers to be aware that the studies about the effects are true. He also uses emotional evidence by explaining that parents especially should be aware of what their children are watching and listening too. Aron’s reaction to Kirchheimer response is that he recognizes that people are so influenced by rap music. People especially children see these rappers and replicate their behaviors. Curtis Aron spills one huge secret that most of the things rappers and artist say they do are bias. Aron writes, â€Å"Many times, the rap artist is creating a fictionalized account of certain events for the purpose of intriguing and entertaining people and sometimes uses characters to facilitate those accounts†¦ This is no different from other forms of entertainment, in particular, the movie industry. When our favorite actor portrays a gun toting, drug using, highly sexual character in a movie, it is not seen as degenerate. He gives a broader and new perspective on how people should view these fictional characters. Rappers are much like fictional characters from movies. He explains that the things they do such as gun toting, drug using, and sexual innuendos are all for the purpose of intriguing and entertaining people. In the highly debated argument of rap music being a controversial issue, both Kirchh eimer and Aron are identifying themselves as a scholarly source about the subject of rap music. Both understand and access reliable information to be used as a notable source. Through the Toulmin model argument, both Sid Kirchheimer and Curtis Aron provide great strengths and explore the topic of rap to educate readers about their views. Kirchheimer states, that initially rap music automatically leaves a bad tastes in peoples mouth and provides good warrants and evidence to back his view. However, Aron proves that his argument is stronger as he educates that the readers that his warrant, the genre of rap music is blanketed by its popular view of being a negative influence. He gives evidence of both for and against the issue and expands over Kirchheimer’s argument. How to cite Rap Music, Papers

Illiterate in some terms. Essay Example For Students

Illiterate in some terms. Essay This part of the scene, in particular, the quote will be acted out in a way that the audience can interpret from the brothers that the two are completely clueless on the type of plate. This could be done with the use of facial expressions, which will give an indication to the audience about the confusion the two are experiencing. By doing this, a sense of friendship forms between the two as they are sharing a joke amongst themselves. To the audience this will be a slight relief as the twins are getting along well, and releases some of the tension created earlier during the play. If I was directing the play, I would stage this part of the scene outside the house that Sammy fell from, as the two, Mickey and Edward could be looking over the roof from where Sammy fell from. Edward may look reluctant due to the fact that, because of the social differences, no child would dare climb the roof of a house from where Edward is from, however again, the contrast proves how the two brothers who come from two completely different backgrounds are dissimilar. This scene would be performed with the blazing hot sun overlooking the two boys who are on the roof, with Edward wearing sun lotion and a cap with a t-shirt and shorts and sandals. Whilst on the other hand, Mickey would be bright red from the scorching heat and he would be wearing shoes that soles have been partially ripped, alongside a pair of ripped baggy jeans and topless. This immediately would strike the audience with the major social differences between the two. Also as the boys are sitting on the roof of the house, there are terraced houses crammed together surrounding them in all directions. This gives an indication to the audience of the social class of the area. Another part I have a high regard for is the section where Edward humiliates Mickey through the joke about the F word. Due to the upbringing of Mickey this type of language and the knowledge of informal language and swears are expectable, and this is in complete contrast to Edwards nurture. The impact amongst the audience would be that, Mickey seems like a common child from Liverpool, where a low means of education is possessed by the majority. The audience will also react to the way that Mickey pretends to know what a dictionary is just to show himself up in front of Edward, however he achieves the complete opposite in humiliating himself. This shows Mickeys personality as he wants to be known as someone who is intelligent; however he is illiterate in some terms. This scene would clearly indicate to the audience of the vast difference between the two in terms of class. If I was directing this scene I would have the two standing opposite each other on a pavement in one of the estates, where Edward would be nibbling onto some sweets whilst Mickey staring and craving some. The weather would be mild with the time being around midday; therefore the sun is at its highest point in the sky and will be beaming upon the two. This can be shown with a bright yellow spotlight shining down on the two siblings. By Russell conveying the ideas of class differences it makes this play extremely effective towards the audience. My perception of the audiences reaction towards my chosen scene (Scene 1) is positive and can enlighten those who are unaware of the facts of how the social class is possible of even dividing brothers, and I think that this difference has been emphasised in my chosen scene. This draws the attention of the audience as it is an effective piece, but also it is the opening scene, therefore it gets a positive response from the audience.  Another way, in which the audience would find this particular extract of interest due to the character of Mickey, as he is quite funny and stupid, hence is a crowd favourite. With his constant informal language and swears it shows to the audience Mickeys personality of how he does not burden on what others think of him. .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 , .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .postImageUrl , .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 , .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757:hover , .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757:visited , .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757:active { border:0!important; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757:active , .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757 .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8dd4b6c45c6a840d7636b0e3948ee757:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: In The Shooting An Elephant, George Orwell Describes An Internal EssayRussell presents the ideas of social class differences through numerous quotations in my chosen extract. The main social class differences are expressed through Edward and Mickey by means of comparison of the two. One way in which the social disparities are revealed through speech, as Edward is well spoken and formal, in contrast to Mickey who is informally spoken and uses abbreviated words vastly throughout his context. Another way that the differences are presented are through the behaviour and the way the two characters conduct themselves. Edward is straight forward in terms of personality, whilst Mic key is sly in the way he conducts his actions and his personality is quite difficult to understand. In my opinion Russell demonstrates the idea of human nature and society differences throughout the book effectively. My perception on Russells main intention is that he is trying to illustrate the idea that, human nature does not affect the individuals actions, however society moulds the persons personality, due to the culture that the person is grown to be used to can change ones personality.

Theory Critique Jean Watson free essay sample

Theory Critique: Theory of â€Å"Human Caring† Abigail Peerce Maryville University â€Å"Caring is the essence of nursing† (Chantal, 2003, p. 57). Caring is the essence and core of my nursing background and why I chose to take the path towards a career as a professional nurse. The art and science of a postmodern model of transpersonal caring-healing is complementary to the science of medical curing, modern nursing, and medical practices (Chantal, 2003, p. 1) The three major central components of Watson’s theory include the carative factors, transpersonal caring relationship, and the caring occasion or moment. The original 10 carative factors were revised in 1985 to the â€Å"Clinical Caritas Process†. Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) state that â€Å"Watson proposes that the clinical Caritas framework is a transformation of the original caring model which emphasizes the merging of spirituality, and evocation of love and caring to provide new paradigm for the millennium† (p. 310).The transpersonal caring relationship according to Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) is a â€Å"†¦relationship that moves beyond ego-self and radiates to spiritual, even cosmic concerns and connections that tap into healing possibilities and potentials† (p. We will write a custom essay sample on Theory Critique Jean Watson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 310). Watson proclaims caring is the â€Å"moral ideal† in nursing. Creating a transpersonal relationship comes from the bond between two beings that help the ill â€Å"†¦find meaning in illness and suffering in order to restore or promote the person’s harmony† (www. watsoncaringsience. org).The analysis of consistency allows one to reflect on a theory to better understand the theory relates to practice, research, and education (Fitzpatrick Whall, 2005). Watson’s model of caring â€Å"has been criticized for the incongruent use of abstract terminology in defining the component and relationships within the original human caring theory and the postmodern transpersonal caring-healing paradigm† (Fitzpatrick Whall, 2005, p. 315). The use of vague terminology makes it difficult to understand and define the components.Watson theory has become complex with the incorporation of components from spiritualism, philosophy, mysticism, and existentialism. â€Å"Accessibility addresses the extent to which empiric indicators can be identified for concept with the theory and how attainable the projected outcomes of the theory are† (Fitzpatrick Whall, 2005, p. 317). Some of the empirical indicators that have been developed include are the caring efficacy scale, caring assessment report evaluation, and caring behavior checklist.

Telecommunications essays

Telecommunications essays One of the fastest growing industries in recent years has been the communications industry, particularly the cellular and personal communications industry. This global explosion of technology has spread, rapidly linking both highly industrial areas as well as that of the third world and emerging countries. The deployment of wireless communication has been readily accepted in remote and previously somewhat isolated areas. The emergence of specialized companies in this field has produced numerous competitors for this market. The communication companies such as Harris, Nortel and Ericsson are all competing in this market for renewed company growth and prosperity. The effect of competition in this global marketplace is such that in order to remain recognized in these markets firms are required more than ever to establish a presence in these new markets and rethink as well as redefine the way in which they do business. The buzz word Hyper has been used in conjunction with these companies, and has been associated with three main functions which have changed and evolved with the new business logic. These are; The trend in company policy in the past was to win every possible sale at any cost. All prioritization of the firm was a function of the current deal. Large established firms such as Nortel were seen as being the best simply because of their size. When a firms primary focus is on sales and revenue alone, it leads to a fragmentation of reserves within the organization. This effect was seen and experienced first hand by Nortel directly when with Globalization, little regard was given to direct support of their product in countries where it was used. The new focus of Nortel, Harris and Ericcson has been on the importance of not winning at any cost, ...

Legal system and methods cases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Legal system and methods cases - Essay Example The appellant raised two issues on appeal. The first issue was that the Advocate-depute included in their indictment Count 1, which was a count for false imprisonment of one Tracy McGhee, and Count 2 was for distributing Amphetamines, in contravention of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, Section 4(3)(b). The issue on appeal was that the Advocate-deputes did not lead any evidence at trial for either of these Counts, therefore they should not have been included in the indictment. The appellant asked to separate these charges from the other charges, but this request was refused. Furthermore, the Advocate-depute did not attempt to rectify this by changing the indictment to omit these counts. The trial judge acquitted the appellant on these two charges, and gave explicit instructions to the jury not to consider these two counts. However, when the trial judge gave his instructions to the jury, he asked the jury to consider if including these counts in the indictment was fair or unfair. This is not the function of the jury, rather, the judge is to make this assessment. The second issue on appeal was that a witness, Samuel Quigg, stated on the stand that he was indicted for conspiracy to commit robbery in 1988, along with the appellant, Mr. Donnell. This prejudiced the appellant, as evidence of any prior convictions cannot be used against him. Although this was not a prior conviction that was brought up by the witness, it was an indictment, the context was that he was being asked about his prior convictions, so the jury could probably assume that the witness was convicted along with appellant. This statement was volunteered by Mr. Quigg, not solicited by the Advocate-depute or the appellant’s solicitor, a fact that is significant. That there was evidence of a prior conviction before the jury was in contravention of Section 101 of Scotland’s Criminal Procedure Act 1995. The appellant asked

Let Your Style Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Let Your Style Change - Essay Example It aims at opening the mind of the learner to recognition of the usefulness of what is being mastered. Finally, the learner at ri level no longer perceives the rules as constrictions but as the basis to learning and freedom. The learner acts according to mind or heart desires without overstepping laws. Shu ha ri could be applied in real world. In human resources management, organizational leaders receive training to act as coaches and not as managers, thus resulting in an inclusive leadership style. It has also found application in software development, considered to be more of an art than science, where solutions and requirements involve collaboration among cross-functional teams, resulting in evolutionary development and swift response to changes. For a team of project members new to agile methodologies, the three strategies I would use include teaching, coaching and advising. I will teach them on agile values, practices and principles. Having an understanding of these, coaching would be introduced to help them find different solutions in developing their own solutions. After fully internalizing these values, practices and principles, I would adopt the role of being an advisor to